Psoriasis is often misunderstood in children, leading to delayed diagnosis and unnecessary suffering. Many doctors initially mistake psoriasis symptoms for neurodermatitis (atopic dermatitis) due to similarities in appearance, which can prevent early and effective treatment.
Recognizing Psoriasis in Children
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes red, thickened patches of skin covered by silvery scales. However, in children, the symptoms can differ from adults:
- Less dandruff and more inflamed, itchy areas resembling eczema.
- Unlike adults, where psoriasis commonly appears on the elbows and knees, children may experience it on the flexor sides of the arms or behind the knees.
- If a child’s suspected eczema (neurodermatitis) does not respond to treatment, it may actually be psoriasis.
The Psychological and Social Impact
Children with psoriasis often face emotional challenges due to the visible nature of the disease. Some key struggles include:
- Bullying and peer pressure, leading to embarrassment about showing their skin in public.
- Fear of being seen as contagious or unclean, causing social isolation.
- Low self-esteem and anxiety, making it harder to form friendships or romantic relationships.
- Difficulties in professional life, especially if psoriasis affects nails, hands, or causes dandruff, impacting fine motor skills or professional appearance.
Psoriasis Affects More Than Just the Skin
Psoriasis is more than a skin condition—it can affect the entire body, increasing the risk of other health problems:
- Psoriatic arthritis, which can cause painful joint inflammation, even in childhood.
- Higher chances of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and lipid metabolism disorders, particularly in moderate to severe cases.
- Physical inactivity, as children may avoid sports due to discomfort, further increasing health risks.
- Higher rates of depression and anxiety compared to children without psoriasis.
Early Diagnosis and Treatment Are Crucial
An early diagnosis by a dermatologist can prevent unnecessary suffering and help manage psoriasis effectively. Important steps include:
- Identifying possible joint involvement and treating it early.
- Educating adolescents that psoriasis is manageable with the right care.
- Consistent skincare, which is essential for managing symptoms.
Treatment options for children are more limited than for adults, but significant advancements have been made. Dermatologists may prescribe external treatments, and in some cases, medications proven effective in adults—though not always officially approved for children.
Today, several safe and effective therapies exist for treating moderate and severe childhood psoriasis, improving both physical and emotional well-being.