Living with psoriatic arthritis for 35 years and psoriasis for over 60 years has taught me a lot about this disease. Despite taking my treatment seriously, I often find myself questioning: Why me? Why do I have this condition?
Instead of blaming myself, I decided to dive deep into the research to better understand the causes behind it. This blog will explore two primary factors linked to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: genetics and triggers. Let’s uncover the science behind what’s happening in our immune systems and how we can better manage it.
Cracking the Code: Genetics and Psoriasis
You don’t need to be a scientist to know that our bodies are made up of cells, each with unique properties. These cells determine everything from our eye color to the way our immune systems function. But what happens when those immune system genes don’t work as they should?
- For people with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, the genes that regulate the immune system are overly active.
- This overactivity causes skin cells to grow five times faster than normal. Instead of shedding, these cells build up, creating thick patches that can also lead to joint inflammation.
Interesting Genetic Facts
- About 10% of the population has the gene associated with psoriasis.
- Only 2-3% of people with the gene develop the condition.
- Scientists have identified 25 unique genes that are different in people with psoriasis but believe multiple genes must interact to cause the disease.
While genetics may set the stage, not everyone with the gene develops symptoms. So, what separates those who do? The answer lies in triggers.
Environmental Triggers: What Sparks a Flare?
Medical professionals agree that environmental factors play a significant role in triggering psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. This resonates with me personally, as I grew up in less-than-ideal conditions.
Potential Triggers
Medical Triggers:
- Skin injuries (cuts, scrapes, or burns)
- Infections (including strep throat or colds)
- Certain medications, such as beta-blockers or lithium
- The early stages of HIV
Non-Medical Triggers:
- Stress: A significant factor for many, including myself
- Hormonal changes: Especially during puberty or menopause
- Obesity: Linked to more severe symptoms
- Smoking: Smokers are twice as likely to develop psoriasis compared to non-smokers
- Alcohol: Can worsen symptoms and make treatment less effective
My Journey With Triggers
Over the years, I’ve identified several triggers that worsen my condition. The most significant one? Infections. A simple cold can spiral into a full-blown flare. After years of confusion, I decided to take matters into my own hands by keeping a journal to track my symptoms and potential triggers.
What I Discovered
- Certain medications caused severe flares.
- Specific foods, like cheese, didn’t agree with me.
- Stress and lack of sleep played a significant role.
Through trial and error with my doctor, we narrowed down my triggers. While avoiding them isn’t always easy, the effort has been life-changing.
Can Triggers Be Controlled?
While you can’t change your genetic makeup, you may have some control over the triggers that cause your symptoms to flare.
Steps to Take Control:
- Track Your Triggers: Keep a journal of your diet, activities, and environment to pinpoint what worsens your symptoms.
- Work With Your Doctor: Experiment with eliminating or substituting potential triggers to see what works best for you.
- Be Patient: Finding and avoiding triggers can be a long and challenging process, but it’s worth it.
Sometimes, the triggers are things we can’t change. And sometimes, the sensitivity of the immune system makes it nearly impossible to identify them. But don’t give up. Finding what affects your condition could change your life forever.
Final Thoughts
If you’re living with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, understanding the roles of genetics and triggers is crucial. While we may not have control over our genes, we can take steps to manage our triggers and reduce flares. Remember: you’re not alone in this fight. By learning more about your condition, you empower yourself to live better.